To summarize, we learn how to fall effectively by taking real falls. Real falls happen when we lose balance and when we don't see it coming which instills a sense of fear. The issue with taking real falls from real throws is that it can be dangerous, thus we remove the most dangerous factor which is adding mass onto the throw. The easiest way to do that is to remove the possibility for Tori to drive their weight down or landing on top of Uke (e.g. BJJ sweeps). From there we slowly scale up the intensity of the throws which should be correlated with scaling up the fear of falling that the student is exhibiting via how stiff they are, whether they are holding their breath and whether they reach for the ground. I also attempt to explain the physics of a fall and why ukemi works, and why some falls suck more than others.